* '''Enhancing economies of scale in transport''' - If exovivaria prove to be so popular as to provide a new market for space launch that grows at least as fast as the global economy, the resulting higher launch rates (and possibly cheaper alternative launch technologies such as [[projectile space launch]]) should help make [[orbital space tourism]] cheaper.  There might be a "virtuous cycle" in which launches for exovivaria construction and resupply contribute to greater economies of scale for space launch in general, with scale benefits that spill over into complementary markets like orbital tourism, further increasing launch rates, and further spurring innovation in launch efficiencies.

** Exovivaria could export fresh food, for space tourists and tourism staff, and also for crewmembers of governmental space programs. Astronauts currently complain that the food on offer at [[ISS]] is not exactly one of the main attractions of life on orbit. Weightlessness is known to suppress appetite; the availability of fresh herbs and spices might offset that effect.
** Biological imports to exovivaria from space hotels should also be possible, providing a basis for real trade. Currently, in the cramped conditions aboard ISS, biomass of potential value to exovivaria (human waste; meal scraps) gets packed into disposable cargo craft and incinerated by atmospheric re-entry.  This is an unfortunate waste of resources.  [[Exopolitans]] might buy space hotel food scraps as livestock feed and for composting, and buy hotel sewage for its fertilizer value. Using exovivaria for biomass recycling would keep the overall mass exchange between exovivaria and space hotels at equilibrium, thus reducing the supplies that would otherwise be lifted from Earth at great cost.
** Exovivaria might export biological products of other kinds besides food, such as fiber for use in textiles and apparel (e.g., silk), and botanicals for decoration (e.g., flowers), with some value added [[telebots | telebotically]]. All of these exports will have limited lifespans, most would be biodegradable, and therefore could be recycled back into the exovivarium.

**At larger scales, exovivaria might provide short-term refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions.
**Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances. [[Exopolitans]] might plan and rehearse the cannibalization of entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios.
**Aside from exovivaria development, Project Persephone might improve on-orbit emergency response insofar as it boosts development of [[projectile space launch]]: if an [[ecopoiesis]] package can be engineered to survive such accelerations, it should also be possible to launch emergency pharmaceuticals and certain kinds of medical instruments, obviating the need for a fully-stocked clinic at the orbital outpost.
**All of the above scenarios, if proven in exercises, might help defray the costs of private space travel. Insurance for private space travelers is already being studied seriously.[^[[http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/11/15/ista-allianz-global-assistance-team-to-offer-space-tourism-insurance/ | ISTA, Allianz Global Assistance Team to Offer Space Tourism Insurance (Press Release)]]. Doug Messier, Parabolic Arc, November 15, 2011^] Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria and possibly projectile launch for emergency relief and rescue operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia.

* '''Augmenting space tourism experience value''' - If exovivaria overhead costs turn out to be significantly lower (per user) for ever-larger exovivaria, sheer economics might drive successive generations of exovivaria to "naturally" grow to the point where they are large enough to be interesting places to visit, perhaps even large enough for space tourists to "camp" in, at least for a day or two of a multi-week stay.  At such scales, new trade opportunities and new synergies open up:

** Exovivaria environments in orbit might provide provide an additional attraction for orbital space tourism, spurring growth for the industry.

** Visitors might engage in "eco-tourism", adding value to exovivarium environment more efficiently, or with greater physical strength, than would be possible with telerobotics alone -- they could be Gullivers among the telepresent Lilliputians.
** Visits by space tourists might be celebrated events that draw more customers to exovivaria, especially if the visitors are celebrities; [[exopolitans]] might even cover the costs of some visits if the promotional value for exovivaria was expected to exceed the costs.

** Apart from food supply issues, certain on-orbit services for space tourists might be better supplied with small telerobotics. In this, exovivaria might excel as proving grounds for hotel-guest customer-service innovations, perhaps for services that can't even be predicted at this point, but that could be invented, refined and brought nearly to maturity before space hotels even offer enough paying customers to justify deploying such services.

* '''Convergence''' - at some point, both orbital "space hotel" operations and exovivaria operations might become so intertwined and synergistic that there is no longer any business case for separating the two markets.  Space hotels could:

https://flowers.iomotaimpact.com/small/200/thumbnail/ANd9GcSyMlkW7VKiPtLA1e0MfpIHePrXwVOWEQdgTkFT7Q9xHgmYmfSj.jpg

** Exovivaria might export biological products of other kinds besides food, such as fiber for use in fabrics (e.g., silk), and botanicals for decoration (e.g., flowers), with some value added [[telebots | telebotically]].

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - It's been argued that commercial manned spaceflight remains both expensive and largely government-hosted because of a lack of emergency response infrastructure in orbit to help ensure the safety of passengers and crew.[^"[[http://dserstrategy.com/downloads/DSER_WP01.zip | The Need Behind a National Capability for On-orbit Emergencies]]" (PDF in .zip file), Gordon Smith, Alan Thompson. [[http://dserstrategy.com/ | DSER Strategy Group]]. 2011.^] At larger scales, exovivaria might provide short-term refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions. Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances. [[Exopolitans]] might plan and rehearse the cannibalization of entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios. Aside from exovivaria development, Project Persephone might improve on-orbit emergency response insofar as it boosts development of [[projectile space launch]]: if an [[ecopoiesis]] package can be engineered to survive such accelerations, it should be possible to launch emergency pharmaceuticals and some kinds of medical instruments, obviating the requirement of a fully-stocked clinic at the orbital outpost. In so doing, they might help defray the costs of private space travel. Insurance for private space travelers is already being studied seriously.[^[[http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/11/15/ista-allianz-global-assistance-team-to-offer-space-tourism-insurance/ | ISTA, Allianz Global Assistance Team to Offer Space Tourism Insurance (Press Release)]]. Doug Messier, Parabolic Arc, November 15, 2011^] Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria and possibly projectile launch for emergency relief and rescue operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia.

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - It's been argued that commercial manned spaceflight remains both expensive and largely government-hosted because of a lack of emergency response infrastructure in orbit to help ensure the safety of passengers and crew.[^"[[http://dserstrategy.com/downloads/DSER_WP01.zip | The Need Behind a National Capability for On-orbit Emergencies]]" (PDF in .zip file), Gordon Smith, Alan Thompson. [[http://dserstrategy.com/ | DSER Strategy Group]]. 2011.^] At larger scales, exovivaria might provide short-term refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions.  Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances. [[Exopolitans]] might plan and rehearse the cannibalization of entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios. In so doing, they might help defray the costs of private space travel. Insurance for private space travelers is already being studied seriously.[^[[http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/11/15/ista-allianz-global-assistance-team-to-offer-space-tourism-insurance/ | ISTA, Allianz Global Assistance Team to Offer Space Tourism Insurance (Press Release)]]. Doug Messier, Parabolic Arc, November 15, 2011^] Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria for emergency relief and rescue operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia.

* '''Logistics and secondary life support''' - an exovivarium would be like a [[space hotel]] in the sense that that it would be a life-support system in orbit. The commonalities should be exploited early and often.

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - It's been argued that commercial manned spaceflight remains both expensive and largely government-hosted because of a lack of emergency response infrastructure in orbit to help ensure the safety of passengers and crew.[^"[[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/downloads/DSER_WP01.zip | The Need Behind a National Capability for On-orbit Emergencies]]" (PDF in .zip file), Gordon Smith, Alan Thompson. [[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/ | Deep Space Emergency Response Strategy Group]]. 2011.^] At larger scales, exovivaria might provide short-term refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions.  Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances. [[Exopolitans]] might plan and rehearse the cannibalization of entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios. In so doing, they might help defray the costs of private space travel. Insurance for private space travelers is already being studied seriously.[^[[http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/11/15/ista-allianz-global-assistance-team-to-offer-space-tourism-insurance/ | ISTA, Allianz Global Assistance Team to Offer Space Tourism Insurance (Press Release)]]. Doug Messier, Parabolic Arc, November 15, 2011^] Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria for emergency relief and rescue operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia.

* '''Logistics and secondary life support''' - an exovivarium would be like a [[space hotel]] in the sense that they would be life-support systems in orbit. The commonalities should be exploited early and often.

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - It's been argued that commercial manned spaceflight remains both expensive and largely government-hosted because of a lack of emergency response infrastructure in orbit to help ensure the safety of passengers and crew.[^"[[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/downloads/the%20need%20behind%20a%20national%20capability%20for%20on-orbit%20emergencies.pdf | The Need Behind a National Capability for On-orbit Emergencies]]", Gordon Smith, Alan Thompson. [[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/ | Deep Space Emergency Response]]. 2009.^] At larger scales, exovivaria might provide short-term refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions.  Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances. [[Exopolitans]] might plan and rehearse the cannibalization of entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios. In so doing, they might help defray the costs of private space travel. Insurance for private space travelers is already being studied seriously.[^[[http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/11/15/ista-allianz-global-assistance-team-to-offer-space-tourism-insurance/ | ISTA, Allianz Global Assistance Team to Offer Space Tourism Insurance (Press Release)]]. Doug Messier, Parabolic Arc, November 15, 2011^] Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria for emergency relief and rescue operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia.

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - It's been argued that commercial manned spaceflight remains both expensive and largely government-hosted because of a lack of emergency response infrastructure in orbit to help ensure the safety of passengers and crew.[^"[[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/downloads/the%20need%20behind%20a%20national%20capability%20for%20on-orbit%20emergencies.pdf | The Need Behind a National Capability for On-orbit Emergencies]]", Gordon Smith, Alan Thompson. [[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/ | Deep Space Emergency Response]]. 2009.^] At larger scales, exovivaria might provide short-term refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions.  Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances. [[Exopolitans]] might plan and rehearse the cannibalization of entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios. In so doing, they might help defray the costs of private space travel. Insurance for private space travelers is already being studied seriously.[^[[http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/11/15/ista-allianz-global-assistance-team-to-offer-space-tourism-insurance/ | ISTA, Allianz Global Assistance Team to Offer Space Tourism Insurance (Press Release)]]. Doug Messier, Parabolic Arc, November 15, 2011^]. Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria for emergency relief and rescue operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia.

** recycle CO2 and purify most of their air through the local ecosystem;

* '''Logistics and secondary life support''' - an exovivarium would be like a [[space hotel]] in the sense that would be life-support systems in orbit. The commonalities should be exploited early and often.

** Exovivaria could export fresh food to be eaten by space tourists and their supporting crew, but perhaps also by crewmembers of governmental space programs.  Astronauts currently complain that the food on offer at ISS is not exactly one of the main attractions of life on orbit.  Some of the effects of weightlessness lead to suppression of appetite; the availability of fresh herbs and spices would be welcome.
** Biological imports to exovivaria from space hotels should also be possible, providing a basis for real trade.  Currently, in the cramped conditions aboard ISS, biomass of potential value to exovivaria (human waste; meal scraps) gets packed into disposable cargo craft and incinerated in atmospheric re-entry.  This is an unfortunate waste of resources.  [[Exopolitans]] could buy space hotel food scraps as livestock feed and for composting, and hotel sewage for its fertilizer value.  Using exovivaria for biomass recycling would keep the overall mass exchange between exovivaria and space hotels at equilibrium, thus reducing the supplies that would need to be lifted (currently at great cost) to space hotels (and to exovivaria) from Earth.

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - It's been argued that commercial manned spaceflight remains both expensive and largely government-hosted because of a lack of emergency response infrastructure to help ensure the safety of passengers and crew.[^"[[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/downloads/the%20need%20behind%20a%20national%20capability%20for%20on-orbit%20emergencies.pdf | The Need Behind a National Capability for On-orbit Emergencies]]", Gordon Smith, Alan Thompson. [[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/ | Deep Space Emergency Response]]. 2009.^] At larger scales, exovivaria might also provide short-term emergency refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions in proximate orbits.  Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances - for example, [[exopoliticans]] might plan and exercise the cannibalization entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios, with Allianz Global Assistance an early partner.[^[[http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/11/15/ista-allianz-global-assistance-team-to-offer-space-tourism-insurance/ | ISTA, Allianz Global Assistance Team to Offer Space Tourism Insurance (Press Release)]]. Doug Messier, Parabolic Arc, November 15, 2011,^] Discussions of how to offer insurance for private space travelers have already been initiated. Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria for emergency relief and rescure operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia, reducing the industry's (and hence their customers') costs.

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - It's been argued that commercial manned spaceflight remains both expensive and largely government-hosted because of a lack of emergency response infrastructure to help ensure the safety of passengers and crew.[^"[[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/downloads/the%20need%20behind%20a%20national%20capability%20for%20on-orbit%20emergencies.pdf | The Need Behind a National Capability for On-orbit Emergencies]]", Gordon Smith, Alan Thompson. [[http://dserweb.echoechoplus.com/ | Deep Space Emergency Response]]. 2009.^] At larger scales, exovivaria might also provide short-term emergency refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions in proximate orbits.  Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances - for example, [[exopoliticans]] might plan and exercise the cannibalization entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios.  Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria for emergency relief and rescure operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia, reducing the industry's (and hence their customers') costs.

* '''Enhancing economies of scale in transport''' - If exovivaria prove popular, providing a new market for space launch that grows at least as fast as the global economy, the resulting higher launch rates (and possibly cheaper alternative launch technologies(such as [[projectile space launch]]) should help make space tourism cheaper.  There might be a "virtuous cycle": launches for exovivaria construction and resupply contribute to greater economies of scale for space launch in general, with scale benefits that spill over into complementary markets like orbital tourism, further increasing launch rates, and further spurring innovation in launch efficiencies.

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - At larger scales, exovivaria might also provide short-term emergency refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions in proximate orbits.  Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances - for example, [[exopoliticans]] might plan and exercise the cannibalization entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of space tourist rescue scenarios.  Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria for emergency relief and rescure operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia, reducing the industry's (and hence their customers') costs.

* '''Enhancing economies of scale in transport''' - If exovivaria prove popular, and can provide a market that grows at least as fast as the global economy, the higher space launch rates and alternative launch technologies fostered by exovivaria popularity should help make space tourism cheaper, by making space transportation generally cheaper.  There might be a "virtuous cycle" whereby launches for exovivaria construction and resupply contribute to greater economies of scale for space launch in general, with scale benefits that spill over into complementary markets like orbital tourism, further increasing launch rates, and further spurring innovation in launch efficiencies.

* '''Logistics and secondary life support''' - an exovivarium would be like a space hotel in that both would be life-support systems in orbit.  The commonalities should be exploited early and often.

** Exovivaria could export fresh food to be eaten by space tourism customers and crew, but perhaps also by crewmembers of governmental space programs.  Astronauts currently complain that the food on offer at ISS is not exactly one of the main attractions of life on orbit.  Some of the effects of weightlessness lead to suppression of appetite; the availability of fresh herbs and spices would be welcome.
** Biological imports to exovivaria from space hotels should also be possible, providing a basis for real trade.  Currently, in the cramped conditions aboard ISS, biomass of potential value to exovivaria is packed into disposable cargo craft and incinerated in atmospheric re-entry.  This is an unfortunate waste.  [[Exopolitans]] could buy space hotel food scraps as livestock feed and for composting, and hotel sewage for its fertilizer value.  Using exovivaria for biomass recycling would keep the overall mass exchange between exovivaria and space hotels at equilibrium, thus reducing the amount of supplies that must to be lifted to space hotels (and to exovivaria) from Earth, at great cost.
** Exovivaria might export biological products of other kinds besides food, such as fiber for use in fabrics (e.g., silk), and botanicals for decoration (e.g., flowers), with some value added telebotically.

* '''Emergency supplies and shelter''' - At larger scales, exovivaria might also provide short-term emergency refuge in the event of failure of life-support systems in space hotels and in manned governmental space missions in proximate orbits.  Even relatively small exovivaria might prove useful in extreme circumstances - for example, [[exopoliticans]] might plan and exercise the cannibalization entire exovivaria for their atmosphere and edible biomass, as part of certain rescue scenarios.  Practical, credible, well-exercised plans for using exovivaria for emergency relief and rescure operations could significantly reduce space tourism insurance premia, reducing the industry's (and hence their customers') costs.

* '''Augmenting space tourism experience value''' - If exovivaria overhead costs turn out to be significantly lower (per user) for larger exovivaria, sheer economics might drive successive generations of exovivaria to "naturally" grow to the point where they are large enough to be interesting places to visit, perhaps even large enough for space tourists to "camp" in, at least for a day or two of a multi-week stay.  At such scales, new trade opportunities and new synergies open up:

** Exovivaria environments in orbit might provide provide an additional attraction for orbital space tourism.

** Visits by space tourists might be celebrated events that draw more customers to exovivaria, especially if the visitors are celebrities; [[exopolitans]] might even cover the costs of some visits if the advertising value was expected to be greater.

** Apart from food supply issues, certain on-orbit services for space tourists might be better supplied with small telerobotics, and in this, exovivaria might excel as proving grounds for hotel-guest customer-service innovations, perhaps for services that can't even be predicted at this point, but that could be invented, refined and brought nearly to maturity before space hotels even offer enough paying customers to justify their deployment.

Direct and indirect commercial links are likely to be made between orbital tourism and exovivaria, with growing synergy value between them.  Among the more likely and predictable of the combined benefits:

Direct and indirect commercial links are likely to be made between orbital tourism and exovivaria, with [[orbital tourism synergy | growing synergy value between them]].  Among the more likely and predictable of the combined benefits: