PmWiki.InflatableSpaceStructures History
Hide minor edits - Show changes to output
Changed lines 30-31 from:
A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^],[^[[http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/pdf/484314main_NASAfactsNanoSail-D.pdf | "NanoSail-D", [[NASA]], 2009]]^]
to:
A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^],[^[[http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/pdf/484314main_NASAfactsNanoSail-D.pdf | "NanoSail-D"]], [[NASA]], 2009^]
Changed line 42 from:
Although exovivaria are not likely to be exporting very much to Earth, inflatables might be useful for return capsules. At this point, it's hard to know whether there would be demand for artifacts and creatures made or born on orbit, but they might eventually gain such collector value that the Project could, through auctions of such items, raise enough money to launch special missions to send them back to Earth, while also replenishing the exovivarium on the same trip. If exovivaria are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be.
to:
Although exovivaria are not likely to be exporting very much to Earth, inflatables might be useful for return capsules. At this point, it's hard to know whether there would be demand for artifacts and creatures made or born on orbit, but they might eventually gain such collector value that the Project could, through auctions of such items, raise enough money to launch special missions to send them back to Earth, while also replenishing the exovivarium on the same trip. If exovivaria are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be. NASA is at work on inflatable reentry shields.[^[[http://www.parabolicarc.com/2012/05/23/nasa-to-test-inflatable-heat-shield/ | "NASA to Test Inflatable Heat Shield"]], Parabolic Arc, May 23, 2012^]
Changed lines 18-20 from:
In the early 60s, NASA explored the possibility of a small space station made from an inflatable torus. This project was cancelled after the decision to go directly to the Moon for the Apollo program.
to:
In the early 60s, NASA explored the possibility of a small space station made from an inflatable torus, to be rotated for artificial gravity. One model, with a possible population of one or two astronauts, made it into production,[^[[http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/ABSTRACTS/GPN-2003-00106.html | "Inflatable Station Concept"]], Great Images in NASA, updated May 13, 2010.^] though it was never used -- the project was cancelled after the decision to go directly to the Moon for the Apollo program.
Changed lines 1-2 from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/PAGEOS_Satellite_-_GPN-2000-001896.jpg/240px-PAGEOS_Satellite_-_GPN-2000-001896.jpg | [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAGEOS | PAGEOS]] - launched in 1966
to:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/PAGEOS_Satellite_-_GPN-2000-001896.jpg/512px-PAGEOS_Satellite_-_GPN-2000-001896.jpg
Changed line 17 from:
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Space_Station_Model_-_GPN-2000-001733.jpg/120px-Space_Station_Model_-_GPN-2000-001733.jpg | Space station model
to:
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Inflatable_Station_Concept_-_GPN-2003-00106.jpg/256px-Inflatable_Station_Concept_-_GPN-2003-00106.jpg | Space station model
Added lines 22-26:
National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for a variety of space applications. In the late 80s, an inflatable radiator for spacecraft heat rejection was proposed.[^Jonathan Beard, [[http://books.google.co.jp/books?id=9hAteN7ddW0C&lpg=PA35&dq=monatomic%20oxygen%20orbit&pg=PA35#v=onepage&q=monatomic%20oxygen%20orbit&f=false | Balloon in Space Takes the Heat Off Spacecraft"]], New Scientist, October 1989^]
Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
Deleted lines 27-29:
Changed lines 1-2 from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Echo-1.jpg | '''Inflatable space structures''' - large structures made in space by inflation.
to:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/PAGEOS_Satellite_-_GPN-2000-001896.jpg/240px-PAGEOS_Satellite_-_GPN-2000-001896.jpg | [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAGEOS | PAGEOS]] - launched in 1966
'''Inflatable space structures''' - large structures made in space by inflation.
'''Inflatable space structures''' - large structures made in space by inflation.
Changed line 25 from:
to:
Changed lines 11-12 from:
to:
%rframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Echo_inflation_test.jpg/256px-Echo_inflation_test.jpg | Echo inflation test
Changed lines 15-16 from:
to:
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Space_Station_Model_-_GPN-2000-001733.jpg/120px-Space_Station_Model_-_GPN-2000-001733.jpg | Space station model
In the early 60s, NASA explored the possibility of a small space station made from an inflatable torus. This project was cancelled after the decision to go directly to the Moon for the Apollo program.
In the early 60s, NASA explored the possibility of a small space station made from an inflatable torus. This project was cancelled after the decision to go directly to the Moon for the Apollo program.
Changed lines 3-4 from:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small ones, without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
to:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small packages, without resorting to complex on-orbit assembly procedures, and without paying the weight penalty of ruggedizing a finished structure to survive stresses it will never undergo again after launch.
Changed lines 22-23 from:
to:
To help reduce [[orbital debris]], several researchers have proposed using a balloon to increase drag in order to de-orbit nanosatellites within a few years of end-of-life or after operational failures.[^see e.g., [[http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tstj/7/ists26/7_Tf_31/_article | "Simple and Small De-orbiting Package for Nano-Satellites Using an Inflatable Balloon"]], Nakasuka, Shinichi; Senda, Kei; Watanabe, Akihito; Yajima, Takashi; Sahara, Hironori, Transactions of Space Technology Japan, Volume 7, Issue ists26, pp. Tf_31-Tf_36 (2009). DOI 10.2322/tstj.7.Tf_31^]. Conceivably, the first tests of exovivarium deployment might be to bring a short-mission-duration nanosatellite down from orbit.
Changed lines 29-30 from:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth.
to:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables as on Earth, but with the possibility of multiple levels: Under low gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, should be able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots.
Changed lines 32-33 from:
to:
With low artificial gravity and high enough air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] should be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] In the event an internal inflatable is punctured[^Perhaps by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing them.^] repair might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives, fabrics and dyes.
Changed lines 29-30 from:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, repair of the fabric of inflatables might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
to:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth.
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Cosmote_blimp_3.JPG/128px-Cosmote_blimp_3.JPG | Blimp in a stadium
Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, repair of the fabric of inflatables might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Cosmote_blimp_3.JPG/128px-Cosmote_blimp_3.JPG | Blimp in a stadium
Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, repair of the fabric of inflatables might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
Changed lines 13-16 from:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar bag. Inflating one in orbit resulted in a 41-meter balloon, just barely visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate an Echo. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating an Echo before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself -- if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
to:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar bag. Inflating one in orbit resulted in a 41-meter balloon, just barely visible from Earth. The launched payload, including balloon, was small: about 65Kg. Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment. Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate an Echo. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating an Echo before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself -- if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
Changed lines 13-16 from:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon. Inflating one in orbit resulted in a 41-meter balloon, just barely visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate an Echo. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating an Echo before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself -- if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
to:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar bag. Inflating one in orbit resulted in a 41-meter balloon, just barely visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate an Echo. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating an Echo before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself -- if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
Changed lines 22-23 from:
to:
In the interests of reducing [[orbital debris]] risk, several lines of research propose using a balloon to increase drag for deorbiting nanosatellites within a few years after end-of-life or operational failures[^see e.g., [[http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tstj/7/ists26/7_Tf_31/_article | "Simple and Small De-orbiting Package for Nano-Satellites Using an Inflatable Balloon"]], Nakasuka, Shinichi; Senda, Kei; Watanabe, Akihito; Yajima, Takashi; Sahara, Hironori, Transactions of Space Technology Japan, Volume 7, Issue ists26, pp. Tf_31-Tf_36 (2009). DOI 10.2322/tstj.7.Tf_31^]. Conceivably, the first tests of exovivarium deployment might be to bring a short-mission-duration nanosatellite down from orbit.
Changed lines 28-30 from:
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Inflatable_laser_maze%2C_Southport.JPG/120px-Inflatable_laser_maze%2C_Southport.JPG | Laser-tag maze
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric,some repairs might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric,
to:
%rframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Inflatable_laser_maze%2C_Southport.JPG/120px-Inflatable_laser_maze%2C_Southport.JPG | Laser-tag maze
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, repair of the fabric of inflatables might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, repair of the fabric of inflatables might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
Changed lines 13-16 from:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate an Echo. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself, if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
to:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon. Inflating one in orbit resulted in a 41-meter balloon, just barely visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate an Echo. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating an Echo before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself -- if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
Changed lines 3-4 from:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well.
to:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small ones, without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
Changed lines 6-7 from:
Launching inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons survived accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^] Structures hardened for very high accelerations are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small ones, without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
to:
Launching inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], experiments with aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons demonstrated that they could survive accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^]
Changed lines 13-16 from:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself, if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
to:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate an Echo. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself, if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
Changed lines 19-20 from:
National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. In the late 80s, an inflatable radiator for spacecraft heat rejection was proposed.[^Jonathan Beard, [[http://books.google.co.jp/books?id=9hAteN7ddW0C&lpg=PA35&dq=monatomic%20oxygen%20orbit&pg=PA35#v=onepage&q=monatomic%20oxygen%20orbit&f=false | Balloon in Space Takes the Heat Off Spacecraft"]], New Scientist, October 1989^] Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
to:
National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for a variety of space applications. In the late 80s, an inflatable radiator for spacecraft heat rejection was proposed.[^Jonathan Beard, [[http://books.google.co.jp/books?id=9hAteN7ddW0C&lpg=PA35&dq=monatomic%20oxygen%20orbit&pg=PA35#v=onepage&q=monatomic%20oxygen%20orbit&f=false | Balloon in Space Takes the Heat Off Spacecraft"]], New Scientist, October 1989^] Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
Changed lines 26-27 from:
!!!Inflatables within an inflatable
to:
!!!Inflatables within an inflatable habitat
Changed lines 31-33 from:
to:
!!!Reentry vehicles
Although exovivaria are not likely to be exporting very much to Earth, inflatables might be useful for return capsules. At this point, it's hard to know whether there would be demand for artifacts and creatures made or born on orbit, but they might eventually gain such collector value that the Project could, through auctions of such items, raise enough money to launch special missions to send them back to Earth, while also replenishing the exovivarium on the same trip. If exovivaria are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be.
Although exovivaria are not likely to be exporting very much to Earth, inflatables might be useful for return capsules. At this point, it's hard to know whether there would be demand for artifacts and creatures made or born on orbit, but they might eventually gain such collector value that the Project could, through auctions of such items, raise enough money to launch special missions to send them back to Earth, while also replenishing the exovivarium on the same trip. If exovivaria are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be.
Changed lines 13-16 from:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper than inflating it before orbit -- a very large [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]] would have been needed, weighing much more than the satellite.
to:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper. Inflating before orbit would have entailed launching it in enormous [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]], weighing much more than the satellite itself, if indeed such a launch would even be possible.
Changed lines 1-4 from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Echo-1.jpg | '''Inflatable space structures''' - structures made in space by inflating them.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well.Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by ongoing R&D on inflatable space structures.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well.
to:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Echo-1.jpg | '''Inflatable space structures''' - large structures made in space by inflation.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well.
Changed lines 6-7 from:
to:
Launching inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons survived accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^] Structures hardened for very high accelerations are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small ones, without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by past and present R&D on inflatable space structures.
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by past and present R&D on inflatable space structures.
Added lines 3-7:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by ongoing R&D on inflatable space structures.
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/OV1-8_PASCOMSAT_Gridsphere.jpg/120px-OV1-8_PASCOMSAT_Gridsphere.jpg | [=OV1-8=] Gridsphere
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons survived accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^] Structures hardened for very high accelerations are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small ones, without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/OV1-8_PASCOMSAT_Gridsphere.jpg/120px-OV1-8_PASCOMSAT_Gridsphere.jpg | [=OV1-8=] Gridsphere
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons survived accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^] Structures hardened for very high accelerations are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small ones, without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
Changed lines 13-17 from:
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons survived accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^] Structures hardened for very high accelerations are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small ones, without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by ongoing R&D on inflatable space structures.
to:
Changed lines 6-7 from:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper than inflating it before orbit -- a very large housing for the balloon would have been needed, weighing much more than the satellite.
to:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper than inflating it before orbit -- a very large [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payload_fairing | payload fairing]] would have been needed, weighing much more than the satellite.
Added lines 11-12:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by ongoing R&D on inflatable space structures.
Changed lines 15-16 from:
to:
National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. In the late 80s, an inflatable radiator for spacecraft heat rejection was proposed.[^Jonathan Beard, [[http://books.google.co.jp/books?id=9hAteN7ddW0C&lpg=PA35&dq=monatomic%20oxygen%20orbit&pg=PA35#v=onepage&q=monatomic%20oxygen%20orbit&f=false | Balloon in Space Takes the Heat Off Spacecraft"]], New Scientist, October 1989^] Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
Changed lines 1-3 from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Echo-1.jpg
'''Inflatable space structures''' - structures made in space by inflating them.
'''Inflatable space structures''' - structures made in space by inflating them.
to:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Echo-1.jpg | '''Inflatable space structures''' - structures made in space by inflating them.
Changed lines 7-8 from:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Some of the first satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were inflatables. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper than inflating it before orbit -- a very large housing for the balloon would have been needed, weighing much more than the satellite.
to:
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Among the first communications satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were the inflatables of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo | Echo series]]. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper than inflating it before orbit -- a very large housing for the balloon would have been needed, weighing much more than the satellite.
Added line 16:
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/PAGEOS_Satellite_-_GPN-2000-001896.jpg/240px-PAGEOS_Satellite_-_GPN-2000-001896.jpg | [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAGEOS | PAGEOS]]. launched in 1966
Added lines 4-5:
!!!History
Changed lines 10-11 from:
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons survived accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^] Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
to:
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons survived accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^] Structures hardened for very high accelerations are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create large structures from small ones, without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
!!! Contemporary work
!!! Contemporary work
Added lines 20-21:
!!!Inflatables within an inflatable
Changed lines 8-9 from:
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit inflatable satellites like those of the Echo series. Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
to:
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], aluminized parachutes and meteorological balloons survived accelerations in excess of 40,000 Gs.[^CH Murphy, GV Bull, "[[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD645284&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf | A review of Project HARP]], Ballistics Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 1966; also Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v.140, Planetology and Space Mission Planning, pp.337–357, Dec 1966. DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50970.x^] Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
Changed lines 13-14 from:
Conceivably, the first tests of exovivarium deployment might be in bringing a short-mission-duration nanosatellite down from orbit. In the interests of reducing [[orbital debris]] risk, several lines of research propose using a balloon to increase drag for deorbiting nanosatellites within a few years after end-of-life or operational failures[^see e.g., "Simple and Small De-orbiting Package for Nano-Satellites Using an Inflatable Balloon", Nakasuka, Shinichi; Senda, Kei; Watanabe, Akihito; Yajima, Takashi; Sahara, Hironori, Transactions of Space Technology Japan, Volume 7, Issue ists26, pp. Tf_31-Tf_36 (2009). DOI 10.2322/tstj.7.Tf_31^].
to:
Conceivably, the first tests of exovivarium deployment might be in bringing a short-mission-duration nanosatellite down from orbit. In the interests of reducing [[orbital debris]] risk, several lines of research propose using a balloon to increase drag for deorbiting nanosatellites within a few years after end-of-life or operational failures[^see e.g., [[http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tstj/7/ists26/7_Tf_31/_article | "Simple and Small De-orbiting Package for Nano-Satellites Using an Inflatable Balloon"]], Nakasuka, Shinichi; Senda, Kei; Watanabe, Akihito; Yajima, Takashi; Sahara, Hironori, Transactions of Space Technology Japan, Volume 7, Issue ists26, pp. Tf_31-Tf_36 (2009). DOI 10.2322/tstj.7.Tf_31^].
Changed lines 11-12 from:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^],[^[[http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/pdf/484314main_NASAfactsNanoSail-D.pdf | "NanoSail-D", [[NASA]], 2009]]^]
to:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
Conceivably, the first tests of exovivarium deployment might be in bringing a short-mission-duration nanosatellite down from orbit. In the interests of reducing [[orbital debris]] risk, several lines of research propose using a balloon to increase drag for deorbiting nanosatellites within a few years after end-of-life or operational failures[^see e.g., "Simple and Small De-orbiting Package for Nano-Satellites Using an Inflatable Balloon", Nakasuka, Shinichi; Senda, Kei; Watanabe, Akihito; Yajima, Takashi; Sahara, Hironori, Transactions of Space Technology Japan, Volume 7, Issue ists26, pp. Tf_31-Tf_36 (2009). DOI 10.2322/tstj.7.Tf_31^].
A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^],[^[[http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/pdf/484314main_NASAfactsNanoSail-D.pdf | "NanoSail-D", [[NASA]], 2009]]^]
Conceivably, the first tests of exovivarium deployment might be in bringing a short-mission-duration nanosatellite down from orbit. In the interests of reducing [[orbital debris]] risk, several lines of research propose using a balloon to increase drag for deorbiting nanosatellites within a few years after end-of-life or operational failures[^see e.g., "Simple and Small De-orbiting Package for Nano-Satellites Using an Inflatable Balloon", Nakasuka, Shinichi; Senda, Kei; Watanabe, Akihito; Yajima, Takashi; Sahara, Hironori, Transactions of Space Technology Japan, Volume 7, Issue ists26, pp. Tf_31-Tf_36 (2009). DOI 10.2322/tstj.7.Tf_31^].
A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^],[^[[http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/pdf/484314main_NASAfactsNanoSail-D.pdf | "NanoSail-D", [[NASA]], 2009]]^]
Changed lines 14-15 from:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, some repairs might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
to:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel"]], Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, some repairs might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
Changed lines 11-12 from:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^]
to:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^],[^[[http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/pdf/484314main_NASAfactsNanoSail-D.pdf | "NanoSail-D", [[NASA]], 2009]]^]
Deleted lines 9-10:
Changed lines 11-12 from:
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^]
to:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^]
Changed lines 13-14 from:
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and by some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^]
to:
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^]
Changed lines 16-17 from:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, mights still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, some repairs might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
to:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, might still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, some repairs might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
Changed lines 16-17 from:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures might be "gossamer" in construction, yet still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, some repairs might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
to:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Depending on the artificial gravity level and the air density, lighter-than-air [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle | UAVs]] might be possible.[^This might require electrolyzing water for hydrogen, posing some combustion risk, but there is commercial technology for such aircraft, e.g., the [[http://www.microflight.com/Online-Catalog/R-C-Toys/MicroBlimp-RTF-Set | Plantraco Microblimp]]^] Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures, even though "gossamer" in construction, mights still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, some repairs might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
Changed line 18 from:
Although exovivaria are ordinarily not likely to be exporting anything to Earth, inflatables might be useful for return capsules in those rare cases. Artifacts and creatures made or born on orbit mighteventually have such collector value that the Project could, through auctions, raise enough money to launch special missions to send these bought items back to Earth, while also replenishing the exovivarium on the same trip. If exovivaria are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be.
to:
Although exovivaria are ordinarily not likely to be exporting anything to Earth, inflatables might be useful for return capsules in those rare cases. Artifacts and creatures made or born on orbit might eventually have such collector value that the Project could, through auctions, raise enough money to launch special missions to send these bought items back to Earth, while also replenishing the exovivarium on the same trip. If exovivaria are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be.
Changed line 18 from:
Although exovivaria are not likely to be exporting anything to Earth ordinarily, if they are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be.
to:
Although exovivaria are ordinarily not likely to be exporting anything to Earth, inflatables might be useful for return capsules in those rare cases. Artifacts and creatures made or born on orbit mighteventually have such collector value that the Project could, through auctions, raise enough money to launch special missions to send these bought items back to Earth, while also replenishing the exovivarium on the same trip. If exovivaria are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be.
Added lines 18-20:
Although exovivaria are not likely to be exporting anything to Earth ordinarily, if they are used for biological experiments requiring live-species return (as with the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Gravity_Biosatellite | Mars Gravity Biosatellite]]), some kind of heat-shielded return capsule will be required. An ordinary ablatively shielded return capsule wouldn't be a good candidate for [[projectile space launch]], but an inflatable designed for reentry might be.
%rframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Inflatable_Re-entry_Vehicle_Experiment.jpg | Inflatable Re-entry Vehicle Experiment (IRVE), Langely Research Center
%rframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Inflatable_Re-entry_Vehicle_Experiment.jpg | Inflatable Re-entry Vehicle Experiment (IRVE), Langely Research Center
Changed lines 16-17 from:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures might be "gossamer" in construction, yet still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots.
to:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures might be "gossamer" in construction, yet still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots. Even in the event of puncturing by [[orbital debris]] strikes and spallation from them, or by animals or telebots accidentally tearing the fabric, some repairs might be possible using ecosystem-derived adhesives and fabrics.
Changed lines 16-17 from:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth.
to:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth. Under low artificial gravity, inflatable structures might be "gossamer" in construction, yet still able to bear the weight of animals, plants and telebots.
Changed lines 15-16 from:
to:
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Inflatable_laser_maze%2C_Southport.JPG/120px-Inflatable_laser_maze%2C_Southport.JPG | Laser-tag maze
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth.
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^] Mazes might be constructed for games, using modular inflatables, as on Earth.
Added lines 15-16:
Even inside exovivaria, inflatability might be useful. If [[telebots]] have wheels, something like rubber tires might be used, as suggested for Mars rovers.[^[[http://www.ri.cmu.edu/publication_view.html?pub_id=5158 | "Experimental Characterization of a Robotic Inflatable Wheel Dimitrios Apostolopoulos"]], Michael D. Wagner, Chris Leger, and Jack Jones. 8th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space, September, 2005^]
Changed lines 13-15 from:
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and by some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail NanoSail-D Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^]
[^#^]
[^#^]
to:
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and by some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail [=NanoSail-D=] Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^]
[^#^]
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/STS-77_Spartan_-_deployable_antenna.jpg | Spartan 207/Inflatable Antenna Experiment (IAE), in orbit, clouds in background
[^#^]
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/STS-77_Spartan_-_deployable_antenna.jpg | Spartan 207/Inflatable Antenna Experiment (IAE), in orbit, clouds in background
Added line 4:
%rfloat% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Space_Station_Model_-_GPN-2000-001733.jpg/120px-Space_Station_Model_-_GPN-2000-001733.jpg
Changed line 12 from:
%rframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bigelow_Aerospace_facilities.jpg/120px-Bigelow_Aerospace_facilities.jpg | Bigelow Aerospace
to:
%rframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bigelow_Aerospace_facilities.jpg/120px-Bigelow_Aerospace_facilities.jpg | [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigelow_Aerospace | Bigelow Aerospace]]
Added line 11:
%rframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bigelow_Aerospace_facilities.jpg/120px-Bigelow_Aerospace_facilities.jpg | Bigelow Aerospace
Changed lines 1-2 from:
to:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Echo-1.jpg
'''Inflatable space structures''' - structures made in space by inflating them.
'''Inflatable space structures''' - structures made in space by inflating them.
Added line 5:
%lframe% http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/OV1-8_PASCOMSAT_Gridsphere.jpg/120px-OV1-8_PASCOMSAT_Gridsphere.jpg | [=OV1-8=] Gridsphere
Changed lines 9-10 from:
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and by some private companies are engaged in R%D for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
to:
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and by some private companies are engaged in R&D on inflatables for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^] A nanosat for testing solar sailing has been deployed from a microsat.[^NASA's First Solar Sail NanoSail-D Deploys in Low-Earth Orbit Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/11-010.html^]
Changed lines 1-7 from:
Inflatable space structures - structures in space that are launched in a folded package and inflated in orbit.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]; during [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit inflatable satellites like those of the Echo series. Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
Long before any projectile launch means becomes available (a highly speculative scenario in any reasonable view of existing technology), Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables, which is already being conducted by national space agencies and by some private companies for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain
Long before any projectile launch means becomes available (a highly speculative scenario in any reasonable view of existing technology), Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables, which is already being conducted by national space agencies and by some private companies
to:
Inflatable space structures - structures made in space by inflating them.
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Some of the first satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were inflatables. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper than inflating it before orbit -- a very large housing for the balloon would have been needed, weighing much more than the satellite.
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit inflatable satellites like those of the Echo series. Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well.
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and by some private companies are engaged in R%D for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
There is nothing new about the idea of inflatable space structures. Some of the first satellites launched by the U.S. in the early 60s were inflatables. They were designed to reflect radio signals. Each was little more than a mylar balloon filled with gas. The result was a 41 meter balloon, visible from Earth. The payload required was small: about 65Kg. (Much of the mass of this payload was instrumentation, solar cells, and other equipment.) Because orbit features near-perfect vacuum, not much gas was needed to inflate it. Inflating it after orbit was clearly cheaper than inflating it before orbit -- a very large housing for the balloon would have been needed, weighing much more than the satellite.
Lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]] is probably feasible and might be the cheapest way to put a large structure in orbit. During [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit inflatable satellites like those of the Echo series. Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that, in the long run, [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well.
Long before any projectile launch is available, however, Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables. National space agencies and by some private companies are engaged in R%D for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
Changed lines 6-7 from:
Long before any projectile launch (a highly speculative project in any reasonable view of the technology), Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables, which is already being conducted by national space agencies and by some private companies for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
to:
Long before any projectile launch means becomes available (a highly speculative scenario in any reasonable view of existing technology), Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables, which is already being conducted by national space agencies and by some private companies for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
Changed lines 3-4 from:
to:
Added lines 6-7:
Long before any projectile launch (a highly speculative project in any reasonable view of the technology), Project Persephone could probably benefit by R&D on inflatables, which is already being conducted by national space agencies and by some private companies for more conventional space applications and styles of launch. Bigelow Aerospace has been developing human-habitable inflatable modules to help reduce the cost of launching and constructing space stations.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
Changed lines 3-6 from:
Bigelow Aerospace[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] has been developing inflatable modules for human habitation. ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain.There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]; during [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit satellites like those of the Echo series. Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures for housing an ecosystem, among other structures that would be useful for maintain exovivaria.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain.
to:
Bigelow Aerospace has been developing inflatable modules for human habitation.[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]; during [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit inflatable satellites like those of the Echo series. Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. Inflatables should help keep costs down as well. There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]; during [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit inflatable satellites like those of the Echo series. Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures without resorting to complex assembly procedures.
Changed lines 5-6 from:
to:
[[Project Persephone]] proposes that [[projectile space launch]] should help make [[exovivaria]] much cheaper to build and maintain. There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]; during [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit satellites like those of the Echo series. Most structures hardened for very high acceleration launch are necessarily smaller than the housing of the projectile, which might be no wider than a a large artillery shell. Inflation is a way to create much larger structures for housing an ecosystem, among other structures that would be useful for maintain exovivaria.
Changed lines 3-4 from:
to:
Bigelow Aerospace[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] has been developing inflatable modules for human habitation. ILC Dover LP has been developing inflatable structure technology for trusses, sunshades, booms, solar panels and antennas.[^Inflatable Gossamer Space Structure Technologies http://www.ilcdover.com/products/aerospace_defense/spaceinflatabletechnologies.htm^]
There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]; during [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit satellites like those of the Echo series.
There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]; during [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit satellites like those of the Echo series.
Changed lines 3-4 from:
Some private companies, most notably Bigelow Aerospace[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] have been developing inflatable modules for human habitation. There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]
to:
Some private companies, most notably Bigelow Aerospace[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] have been developing inflatable modules for human habitation. There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]; during [[Project HARP]], it was proposed that gun launch be used to orbit satellites like those of the Echo series.
Changed lines 3-4 from:
Some private companies, most notably Bigelow Aerospace[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^]
to:
Some private companies, most notably Bigelow Aerospace[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^] have been developing inflatable modules for human habitation. There is no obvious difficulty in lofting inflatables to orbit using [[projectile space launch]]
Added lines 1-5:
Inflatable space structures - structures in space that are launched in a folded package and inflated in orbit.
Some private companies, most notably Bigelow Aerospace[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^]
[^#^]
Some private companies, most notably Bigelow Aerospace[^Video: Inflatable Space Structures, New Scientist, March 7, 2010 http://www.parabolicarc.com/2010/03/07/video-inflatable-space-structures/^]
[^#^]